Add documentation and source

Added documentation, source and extra files.

source/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Projets de démo Django
+
+Chacun des répertoires ci-dessous peut être récupéré comme projet Django, à savoir :
+
+- `advanced` : fonctions avancées (URL téléchargement)
+- `authentication` : bouts de code pour gérer les utilisateurs
+- `forms` : test des formulaires
+- `orm` : projet d'interface utilisant des données en base
+- `templating` : utilisation du langage de templates
+- `translation` : traduction
+
+Les répertoires contiennent un fichier `manage.py` et peuvent être lancés avec la commande habituelle :
+
+```bash
+python manage.py runserver
+```
+
+Vérifiez quand même les fichiers `urls.py` pour savoir quelles URLs sont disponibles pour chaque projet (l'un d'entre eux ne répond pas à l'URL http://127.0.0.1/ mais répond à d'autres URLs).
+
+---
+
+Les répertoires de projet peuvent être ouverts avec PyCharm (contiennent un répertoire `.idea`). Vous devrez peut-être créer un environnement virtuel pour ces projets. Pour cela :
+
+- rendez-vous dans le menu `File` → `Settings`
+- dans la catégorie `Project` → `Python Interpreter`, vérifiez que l'interpréteur est dans un répertoire relatif à votre projet, ou créez un nouvel interpréteur `virtualenv`.
+
+Avant de pouvoir exécuter le projet, vous devez installer les dépendances présentes dans requirements.txt :
+
+```{.bash .numberLines}
+pip install -r requirements.txt
+```

source/advanced/.idea/Advanced.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="FacetManager">
+    <facet type="django" name="Django">
+      <configuration>
+        <option name="rootFolder" value="$MODULE_DIR$" />
+        <option name="settingsModule" value="advanced/settings.py" />
+        <option name="manageScript" value="manage.py" />
+        <option name="environment" value="&lt;map/&gt;" />
+        <option name="doNotUseTestRunner" value="false" />
+        <option name="trackFilePattern" value="" />
+      </configuration>
+    </facet>
+  </component>
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" isTestSource="false" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/.idea" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/jupyter/.ipynb_checkpoints" />
+    </content>
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3 (training)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PyDocumentationSettings">
+    <option name="format" value="GOOGLE" />
+    <option name="myDocStringFormat" value="Google" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="TemplatesService">
+    <option name="TEMPLATE_CONFIGURATION" value="Django" />
+  </component>
+</module>

source/advanced/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <profile version="1.0">
+    <option name="myName" value="Project Default" />
+    <inspection_tool class="GrazieInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="LanguageDetectionInspection" enabled="false" level="WARNING" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="SpellCheckingInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false">
+      <option name="processCode" value="true" />
+      <option name="processLiterals" value="true" />
+      <option name="processComments" value="true" />
+    </inspection_tool>
+  </profile>
+</component>

source/advanced/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

source/advanced/.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/advanced.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/advanced.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

source/advanced/.idea/workspace.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectViewState">
+    <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
+    <option name="showExcludedFiles" value="false" />
+    <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PropertiesComponent">
+    <property name="settings.editor.selected.configurable" value="configurable.group.tools" />
+  </component>
+</project>

source/advanced/advanced/asgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+ASGI config for advanced project.
+
+It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/asgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'advanced.settings')
+
+application = get_asgi_application()

source/advanced/advanced/settings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+"""
+Django settings for advanced project.
+
+Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/
+
+For the full list of settings and their values, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+
+# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
+# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
+SECRET_KEY = "django-insecure-4f#(qt450m(73!m#q%6jhl*t@0_%xn4$)ing$)-2qey-^bv*xy"
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
+DEBUG = True
+
+ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
+
+
+# Application definition
+
+INSTALLED_APPS = [
+    "django.contrib.admin",
+    "django.contrib.auth",
+    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
+    "django.contrib.sessions",
+    "django.contrib.messages",
+    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
+    "django_extensions",
+    "various",
+]
+
+MIDDLEWARE = [
+    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware",
+]
+
+ROOT_URLCONF = "advanced.urls"
+
+TEMPLATES = [
+    {
+        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
+        "DIRS": [],
+        "APP_DIRS": True,
+        "OPTIONS": {
+            "context_processors": [
+                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
+                "django.template.context_processors.request",
+                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
+                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+]
+
+WSGI_APPLICATION = "advanced.wsgi.application"
+
+
+# Database
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases
+
+DATABASES = {
+    "default": {
+        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
+        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "database.sqlite3",
+    }
+}
+
+
+# Password validation
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+
+AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
+    },
+]
+
+
+# Internationalization
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/
+
+LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"
+
+TIME_ZONE = "UTC"
+
+USE_I18N = True
+
+USE_L10N = True
+
+USE_TZ = True
+
+
+# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/
+
+STATIC_URL = "/static/"
+
+# Default primary key field type
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
+
+DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+
+# Email configuration
+
+# Set a backend in console for demonstration purposes.
+# The correct backend should be SMTP in production.
+EMAIL_BACKEND = "django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend"
+
+# Media configuration
+
+MEDIA_URL = "/media/"
+MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / "media"

source/advanced/advanced/urls.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""advanced URL Configuration
+
+The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
+    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/http/urls/
+Examples:
+Function views
+    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
+Class-based views
+    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
+Including another URLconf
+    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
+"""
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.conf.urls.static import static
+from django.contrib import admin
+from django.urls import path
+
+from various.views import view_file_download
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
+    path("download", view_file_download, name="download"),
+] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

source/advanced/advanced/wsgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+WSGI config for advanced project.
+
+It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'advanced.settings')
+
+application = get_wsgi_application()

source/advanced/jupyter/Various examples.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "id": "fc76bc88",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=\"utf-8\"\n",
+      "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
+      "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit\n",
+      "Subject: Title\n",
+      "From: noreply@example.aa\n",
+      "To: noreply@example.aa\n",
+      "Date: Fri, 16 Apr 2021 22:44:20 -0000\n",
+      "Message-ID: <161861306067.29777.1833249302107691814@manjaro>\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Body of the email.\n",
+      "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "1"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Simple example to send a text email\n",
+    "from django.core.mail import send_mail\n",
+    "send_mail(\"Title\", \"Body of the email.\", \"noreply@example.aa\", [\"noreply@example.aa\"])"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "id": "badac700",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Maggle\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Django Shell-Plus",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "django_extensions"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.9.2"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}

source/advanced/manage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+def main():
+    """Run administrative tasks."""
+    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'advanced.settings')
+    try:
+        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
+    except ImportError as exc:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
+            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
+            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
+        ) from exc
+    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

source/advanced/various/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class VariousConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+    name = "various"
+
+
+default_app_config = "various.VariousConfig"

source/advanced/various/admin/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .room import *

source/advanced/various/admin/room.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from django.contrib import admin
+from django.db import models
+from django.db.models import F
+from django.http import HttpRequest
+from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
+
+from various.models import Room
+
+
+@admin.register(Room)
+class RoomAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
+    """
+    Admin configuration for rooms.
+
+    """
+
+    list_display = ["id", "name", "length", "width", "height", "get_volume_display"]
+    list_editable = ["name", "length", "width", "height"]
+    actions = ["action_fix_minimum"]
+
+    def get_queryset(self, request):
+        """
+        Change queryset to add a computed field for volume.
+
+        Args:
+            request: HTTP
+
+        """
+        return super().get_queryset(request).annotate(volume=F("width") * F("length") * F("height"))
+
+    def get_volume_display(self, obj: Room) -> str:
+        return f"{obj.get_volume()} cm³"
+
+    get_volume_display.short_description = _("area")
+    get_volume_display.admin_order_field = "volume"
+
+    def action_fix_minimum(self, request: HttpRequest, queryset: models.QuerySet):
+        """
+        Change room dimensions to have at least 1cm in every axis.
+
+        Args:
+            request: HTTP request.
+            queryset: selected rooms.
+
+        """
+        for room in queryset:  # type: Room
+            room.width = max(1, room.width)
+            room.length = max(1, room.length)
+            room.height = max(1, room.height)
+            room.save()
+        self.message_user(request, _("The selected rooms have been updated."))

source/advanced/various/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/django.po

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
+# Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-04-18 11:30+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"Language: \n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
+#: various/admin/room.py:34
+msgid "area"
+msgstr "aire"
+
+#: various/admin/room.py:51
+msgid "The selected rooms have been updated."
+msgstr "Les salles sélectionnées ont été mises à jour."
+
+#: various/models/room.py:11
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "nom"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:12
+msgid "description"
+msgstr "description"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:13 various/models/room.py:14
+#: various/models/room.py:15
+msgid "centimeters"
+msgstr "centimètres"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:13
+msgid "width"
+msgstr "largeur"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:14
+msgid "length"
+msgstr "longueur"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:15
+msgid "height"
+msgstr "hauteur"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:18
+msgid "room"
+msgstr "salle"
+
+#: various/models/room.py:19
+msgid "rooms"
+msgstr "salles"

source/advanced/various/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2 on 2021-04-18 11:28
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    initial = True
+
+    dependencies = [
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='Room',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True, verbose_name='name')),
+                ('description', models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name='description')),
+                ('width', models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, help_text='centimeters', verbose_name='width')),
+                ('length', models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, help_text='centimeters', verbose_name='length')),
+                ('height', models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, help_text='centimeters', verbose_name='height')),
+            ],
+            options={
+                'verbose_name': 'room',
+                'verbose_name_plural': 'rooms',
+            },
+        ),
+    ]

source/advanced/various/models/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .room import *

source/advanced/various/models/room.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from django.db import models
+from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
+
+
+class Room(models.Model):
+    """
+    Room definition.
+
+    """
+
+    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, blank=False, unique=True, verbose_name=_("name"))
+    description = models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name=_("description"))
+    width = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, help_text=_("centimeters"), verbose_name=_("width"))
+    length = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, help_text=_("centimeters"), verbose_name=_("length"))
+    height = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0, help_text=_("centimeters"), verbose_name=_("height"))
+
+    class Meta:
+        verbose_name = _("room")
+        verbose_name_plural = _("rooms")
+
+    def get_area(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the area of the room.
+
+        Returns:
+            Area of the room in square centimeters.
+
+        """
+        return self.width * self.length
+
+    def get_volume(self) -> int:
+        """
+        Get the volume of the room.
+
+        Returns:
+            Volume of the room in cube centimeters.
+
+        """
+        return self.width * self.length * self.height
+
+    def is_empty(self) -> bool:
+        """
+        Tell if the room is empty (has no volume).
+
+        Returns:
+            Whether the room has no volume (zero).
+
+        """
+        return self.width * self.length * self.height == 0

source/advanced/various/tests/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .room import *

source/advanced/various/tests/room.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+from django import test
+
+from various.models import Room
+
+
+class RoomTestCase(test.TestCase):
+    """
+    Basic test case for rooms.
+
+    This method is executed before every `test_` function.
+    To run those automatic tests, in a terminal, just run
+
+    `./manage.py test`
+
+    """
+
+    def setUp(self) -> None:
+        self.room1 = Room(name="Kitchen", width=260, length=320, height=250)  # basic
+        self.room2 = Room(name="Fake", width=0, length=320, height=250)  # a 2D object
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        """Cette méthode est exécutée une seule fois avant ous les tests."""
+        pass
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        pass
+
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        """
+        End unit test.
+
+        Is executed after every `test_` method.
+
+        """
+
+    def test_base_room(self):
+        """
+        Basic test using the fixture set up in the `setUp` method.
+
+        """
+        self.assertEqual(self.room2.get_volume(), 0)
+        self.assertEqual(self.room1.get_area(), 83200)
+
+    def test_dummy_page(self):
+        """
+        Test the Django test client.
+
+        Used to test that pages of the projet answer properly.
+
+        """
+        client = test.Client()
+        response = client.get("/admin/")
+        self.assertNotEqual(response.status_code, 404)

source/advanced/various/views.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from django.core.files.storage import DefaultStorage
+from django.http import HttpRequest, HttpResponse
+
+
+def view_file_download(request: HttpRequest) -> HttpResponse:
+    """
+    Serve a media file like a download.
+
+    Args:
+        request: HTTP request.
+
+    Returns:
+        Media file as an attachment to download.
+
+    """
+    storage = DefaultStorage()  # Objet capable de manipuler des fichiers média
+    with storage.open("django-upload.jpg", "rb") as file:  # relative to MEDIA_ROOT
+        response = HttpResponse(file, content_type="image/jpeg")
+        # Use list notation to set headers
+        response["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename=django-upload.jpg"
+        return response

source/authentication/.idea/Authentication.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="FacetManager">
+    <facet type="django" name="Django">
+      <configuration>
+        <option name="rootFolder" value="$MODULE_DIR$" />
+        <option name="settingsModule" value="authentication/settings.py" />
+        <option name="manageScript" value="manage.py" />
+        <option name="environment" value="&lt;map/&gt;" />
+        <option name="doNotUseTestRunner" value="false" />
+        <option name="trackFilePattern" value="" />
+      </configuration>
+    </facet>
+  </component>
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" isTestSource="false" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/.idea" />
+    </content>
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3 (training)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PyDocumentationSettings">
+    <option name="format" value="GOOGLE" />
+    <option name="myDocStringFormat" value="Google" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="TemplatesService">
+    <option name="TEMPLATE_CONFIGURATION" value="Django" />
+  </component>
+</module>

source/authentication/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <profile version="1.0">
+    <option name="myName" value="Project Default" />
+    <inspection_tool class="GrazieInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="LanguageDetectionInspection" enabled="false" level="WARNING" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="SpellCheckingInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false">
+      <option name="processCode" value="true" />
+      <option name="processLiterals" value="true" />
+      <option name="processComments" value="true" />
+    </inspection_tool>
+  </profile>
+</component>

source/authentication/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

source/authentication/.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/authentication.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/authentication.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

source/authentication/.idea/workspace.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectViewState">
+    <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
+    <option name="showExcludedFiles" value="false" />
+    <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PropertiesComponent">
+    <property name="settings.editor.selected.configurable" value="configurable.group.tools" />
+  </component>
+</project>

source/authentication/authentication/asgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+ASGI config for authentication project.
+
+It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/asgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'authentication.settings')
+
+application = get_asgi_application()

source/authentication/authentication/settings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""
+Django settings for authentication project.
+
+Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/
+
+For the full list of settings and their values, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+
+# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
+# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
+SECRET_KEY = "django-insecure-fjg#b7qx5e5g3e2vcfb@eg9b3!xy1c+nix5*y=k7h6j&&pc)e8"
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
+DEBUG = True
+
+ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
+
+
+# Application definition
+
+INSTALLED_APPS = [
+    "django.contrib.admin",
+    "django.contrib.auth",
+    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
+    "django.contrib.sessions",
+    "django.contrib.messages",
+    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
+    "users",
+]
+
+MIDDLEWARE = [
+    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
+]
+
+ROOT_URLCONF = "authentication.urls"
+
+TEMPLATES = [
+    {
+        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
+        "DIRS": [],
+        "APP_DIRS": True,
+        "OPTIONS": {
+            "context_processors": [
+                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
+                "django.template.context_processors.request",
+                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
+                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+]
+
+WSGI_APPLICATION = "authentication.wsgi.application"
+
+
+# Database
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases
+
+DATABASES = {
+    "default": {
+        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
+        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "authentication.sqlite3",
+    }
+}
+
+
+# Password validation
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+
+AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
+    },
+]
+
+
+# Internationalization
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/
+
+LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"
+
+TIME_ZONE = "UTC"
+
+USE_I18N = True
+
+USE_L10N = True
+
+USE_TZ = True
+
+
+# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/
+
+STATIC_URL = "/static/"
+
+# Default primary key field type
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
+
+DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+
+# Authentication settings
+
+LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = "/profile"

source/authentication/authentication/urls.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+"""authentication URL Configuration
+
+The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
+    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/http/urls/
+Examples:
+Function views
+    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
+Class-based views
+    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
+Including another URLconf
+    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
+"""
+from django.contrib import admin
+from django.urls import path, include
+
+from users.views import view_user, view_authentication_code
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("admin/", admin.site.urls),
+    # https://docs.djangoproject.com/fr/3.1/topics/auth/default/#module-django.contrib.auth.views
+    path("", include("django.contrib.auth.urls")),
+    path("profile", view_user),
+    path("codedemo", view_authentication_code),
+]

source/authentication/authentication/wsgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+WSGI config for authentication project.
+
+It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'authentication.settings')
+
+application = get_wsgi_application()

source/authentication/manage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+def main():
+    """Run administrative tasks."""
+    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'authentication.settings')
+    try:
+        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
+    except ImportError as exc:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
+            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
+            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
+        ) from exc
+    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

source/authentication/users/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class UsersConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+    name = "users"
+
+
+default_app_config = "users.UsersConfig"

source/authentication/users/templates/registration/login.html

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>Login</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<form action="" method="post" name="login-form">
+    {% csrf_token %}
+    {{ form.as_p }}
+    <input type="submit" name="login-button" value="Login">
+</form>
+</body>
+</html>

source/authentication/users/templates/users/user-code-page.html

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>User</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+{% if user.is_anonymous %}
+    You are not connected with a user.
+{% else %}
+    Welcome, you are connected as {{ user.username }}
+{% endif %}
+</body>
+</html>

source/authentication/users/templates/users/user-page.html

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>User</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+{% if user.is_anonymous %}
+    You are not connected with a user.
+{% else %}
+    Welcome, you are connected as {{ user.username }}
+{% endif %}
+</body>
+</html>

source/authentication/users/views.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from annoying.decorators import render_to
+from django.contrib.auth import login, logout, authenticate
+
+
+@render_to("users/user-page.html")
+def view_user(request):
+    return {}
+
+
+@render_to("users/user-code-page.html")
+def view_authentication_code(request):
+    # First, logout if we're already connected
+    logout(request)
+    # Show that we have no connected user session for the request
+    print(request.user)
+    # Check authentication with the current settings
+    user = authenticate(username="root", password="root")
+    # A user is returned only if the credentials are correct
+    if user is not None:
+        # Login the obtained user in the request
+        login(request, user)
+    return {"auth_user": user}

source/forms/.idea/Forms.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="FacetManager">
+    <facet type="django" name="Django">
+      <configuration>
+        <option name="rootFolder" value="$MODULE_DIR$" />
+        <option name="settingsModule" value="forms/settings.py" />
+        <option name="manageScript" value="manage.py" />
+        <option name="environment" value="&lt;map/&gt;" />
+        <option name="doNotUseTestRunner" value="false" />
+        <option name="trackFilePattern" value="" />
+      </configuration>
+    </facet>
+  </component>
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" isTestSource="false" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/.idea" />
+    </content>
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3 (training)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PackageRequirementsSettings">
+    <option name="requirementsPath" value="$MODULE_DIR$/../../requirements.pip" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PyDocumentationSettings">
+    <option name="format" value="GOOGLE" />
+    <option name="myDocStringFormat" value="Google" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="TemplatesService">
+    <option name="TEMPLATE_CONFIGURATION" value="Django" />
+  </component>
+</module>

source/forms/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <profile version="1.0">
+    <option name="myName" value="Project Default" />
+    <inspection_tool class="GrazieInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="LanguageDetectionInspection" enabled="false" level="WARNING" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="SpellCheckingInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false">
+      <option name="processCode" value="true" />
+      <option name="processLiterals" value="true" />
+      <option name="processComments" value="true" />
+    </inspection_tool>
+  </profile>
+</component>

source/forms/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

source/forms/.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/forms.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/forms.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

source/forms/.idea/workspace.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectViewState">
+    <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
+    <option name="showExcludedFiles" value="false" />
+    <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
+  </component>
+</project>

source/forms/demonstration/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class DemonstrationConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+    name = "demonstration"
+
+
+default_app_config = "demonstration.DemonstrationConfig"

source/forms/demonstration/forms/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .person import PersonForm
+from .search import SearchForm
+from .upload import UploadForm

source/forms/demonstration/forms/person.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from datetime import date
+
+from django import forms
+
+
+class PersonForm(forms.Form):
+    """Example of form for person information."""
+
+    first_name = forms.CharField(max_length=32, label="first name")
+    last_name = forms.CharField(max_length=32, label="last name")
+    birth_date = forms.DateField(initial=date(1990, 1, 1), label="birthday")
+    phone_number = forms.CharField(max_length=12, label="phone number")
+    password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput, max_length=50, label="password")

source/forms/demonstration/forms/search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from typing import List
+
+from django import forms
+from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
+
+
+class SearchForm(forms.Form):
+    """Example of search form."""
+
+    FORBIDDEN_WORDS: List[str] = ["lemon", "hat", "car"]
+    query = forms.CharField(max_length=32, label="query", required=True)
+
+    def clean_query(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Validate the query field.
+
+        Returns:
+            The value for the "cleaned" query field.
+
+        """
+        value: str = self.cleaned_data["query"]
+        if value.lower() in self.FORBIDDEN_WORDS:
+            raise ValidationError(f"Search term cannot be one of the following: {self.FORBIDDEN_WORDS}")
+        return value

source/forms/demonstration/forms/upload.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from django import forms
+from django.core.files.storage import FileSystemStorage
+from django.http import HttpRequest
+
+
+class UploadForm(forms.Form):
+    """Example of file upload form."""
+
+    image = forms.ImageField(max_length=128, required=True, label="image")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def save_uploaded_file(request: HttpRequest) -> str:
+        """
+        Custom method to process the upload of the image.
+
+        Args:
+            request: HTTP request.
+
+        Returns:
+            URL of the new uploaded image.
+
+        """
+        storage = FileSystemStorage()
+        image = request.FILES["image"]
+        name = storage.save(None, image)
+        return storage.url(name)

source/forms/demonstration/static/demonstration/demonstration.css

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+:root {
+    --head-bg-color: #222;
+    --head-fg-color: #fff;
+    --head-ln-color: #3cf;
+}
+
+html, body {
+    height: 100%;
+    min-height: 100%;
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
+body {
+    margin: 0;
+    display: grid;
+    grid-template-areas: "header" "content" "footer";
+    grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
+    grid-template-columns: 100%;
+    font-family: "Roboto", "Lucida Grande", "DejaVu Sans", "Bitstream Vera Sans", Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+section#header {
+    grid-area: header;
+}
+
+section#content {
+    grid-area: content;
+}
+
+section#footer {
+    grid-area: footer;
+}
+
+
+section#header, section#footer {
+    background-color: var(--head-bg-color);
+    color: var(--head-fg-color);
+}
+
+section#header a, section#footer a {
+    color: var(--head-ln-color);
+    text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+div.body {
+    width: 1024px;
+    margin: 1.5em auto;
+}
+
+table.form-table {
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
+table.form-table th {
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+table.form-table td {
+    text-align: right;
+}
+
+table.form-table td > input[type=text] {
+    width: 100%;
+    box-sizing: border-box;
+
+}
+
+input[type=submit] {
+    padding: 0.5em 4em;
+    margin: 0;
+    background-color: crimson;
+    color: white;
+    font-size: 125%;
+    border: maroon 1px solid;
+    border-radius: 0.5em;
+    box-shadow: coral 0 0 0 1px inset;
+}

source/forms/demonstration/templates/demonstration/base.html

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+{% load static %} {# The load tag enables template tags from other Django apps #}
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>{% block title %} | Django Demonstration{% endblock title %}</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "demonstration/demonstration.css" %}">
+</head>
+<body>
+<section id="header">
+    <div class="body">
+        <nav>
+            <a href="/">Home page</a>
+        </nav>
+    </div>
+</section>
+<section id="content">
+    <div class="body">
+        {% block body %}
+            Base content in a overridable block.
+        {% endblock body %}
+    </div>
+</section>
+<section id="footer">
+    <div class="body">
+        {% block footer %}
+            ©2021 Steve Kossouho, <strong>Dawan</strong>
+        {% endblock footer %}
+    </div>
+</section>
+
+</body>
+</html>

source/forms/demonstration/templates/demonstration/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>Forms demonstration</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Sections of form rendering</h1>
+<ul>
+    <li><a href="{% url "search" %}">Search form</a></li>
+    <li><a href="{% url "person" %}">Person fields form</a></li>
+    <li><a href="{% url "upload" %}">Upload form</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>

source/forms/demonstration/templates/demonstration/person_form_view.html

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{% extends "demonstration/base.html" %}
+
+{% block body %}
+    <form action="" method="post" name="person-form">
+        {% csrf_token %}
+        <table class="form-table">
+            {{ form.as_table }}
+            <tr>
+                <th></th>
+                <td><input type="submit" name="submit-form" value="Validate"></td>
+            </tr>
+        </table>
+    </form>
+    <hr>
+{% endblock body %}

source/forms/demonstration/templates/demonstration/search_form_view.html

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{% extends "demonstration/base.html" %}
+
+{% block body %}
+    <form action="" method="get" name="search-form">
+        <table class="form-table">
+            {{ form.as_table }}
+            <tr>
+                <th></th>
+                <td><input type="submit" name="submit-form" value="Search"></td>
+            </tr>
+        </table>
+    </form>
+    <hr>
+    <em>{{ results|length }} results.</em>
+    <ul>
+        {% for item in results %}
+            <li>{{ item }}</li>
+        {% empty %}
+            <li>No item found.</li>
+        {% endfor %}
+    </ul>
+{% endblock body %}

source/forms/demonstration/templates/demonstration/upload_form_view.html

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{% extends "demonstration/base.html" %}
+
+{% block body %}
+    <form action="" method="post" name="upload-form" enctype="multipart/form-data">
+        {% csrf_token %}
+        <table class="form-table">
+            {{ form.as_table }}
+            <tr>
+                <th></th>
+                <td><input type="submit" name="submit-form" value="Upload file"></td>
+            </tr>
+        </table>
+    </form>
+    <hr>
+    {% if image_url %}
+        The image was successfully uploaded at <a href="{{ image_url }}">{{ image_url }}</a>
+        <p>
+            <img src="{{ image_url }}" alt="Uploaded image">
+        </p>
+    {% endif %}
+{% endblock body %}

source/forms/demonstration/urls.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from django.urls import path
+
+from demonstration.views import view_search_form, view_person_form, view_upload_form
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("search/", view_search_form, name="search"),
+    path("person/", view_person_form, name="person"),
+    path("upload/", view_upload_form, name="upload"),
+]

source/forms/demonstration/views.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+from typing import List, Optional
+
+from annoying.decorators import render_to
+from django.http import HttpRequest, HttpResponseRedirect
+
+from demonstration.forms import SearchForm, PersonForm, UploadForm
+
+NAMES: List[str] = [
+    "Jean",
+    "Paul",
+    "Robert",
+    "Julien",
+    "Nicolas",
+    "François",
+    "Julie",
+    "Marie",
+    "Anne",
+    "Évelyne",
+    "Jeanne",
+    "Claire",
+]
+
+
+@render_to("demonstration/index.html")
+def view_index(request: HttpRequest):  # noqa
+    return {}
+
+
+@render_to("demonstration/search_form_view.html")
+def view_search_form(request: HttpRequest):  # noqa
+    """
+    View for the search form.
+
+    Args:
+        request: HTTP request.
+
+    Returns:
+        Data for rendering the template, as a context dictionary.
+
+    """
+    form = SearchForm(request.GET) if request.GET else SearchForm()
+    results: List[str] = []
+    if form.is_valid():
+        query: str = form.cleaned_data["query"].lower()
+        results = [item for item in NAMES if query in item.lower()]
+    return {"form": form, "results": results}
+
+
+@render_to("demonstration/person_form_view.html")
+def view_person_form(request: HttpRequest):  # noqa
+    """
+    View for the person form.
+
+    Args:
+        request: HTTP request.
+
+    Returns:
+        Data for rendering the template, as a context dictionary.
+
+    """
+    form = PersonForm(request.POST) if request.method == "POST" else PersonForm()
+    return {"form": form}
+
+
+@render_to("demonstration/upload_form_view.html")
+def view_upload_form(request: HttpRequest):  # noqa
+    """
+    View for the upload form.
+
+    Args:
+        request: HTTP request.
+
+    Returns:
+        Data for rendering the template, as a context dictionary.
+
+    """
+    form = UploadForm(request.POST, request.FILES) if request.method == "POST" else UploadForm()
+    image_url: Optional[str] = None
+    if form.is_valid():
+        image_url = form.save_uploaded_file(request)
+    return {"form": form, "image_url": image_url}

source/forms/forms/asgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+ASGI config for forms project.
+
+It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/asgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'forms.settings')
+
+application = get_asgi_application()

source/forms/forms/settings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+"""
+Django settings for forms project.
+
+Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.2.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/settings/
+
+For the full list of settings and their values, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/
+"""
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
+BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+
+
+# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
+# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
+SECRET_KEY = "django-insecure-fp_2(q#373yxtz=sn7!58+x##q_qan$ef#itrz10qj5=e1@w_0"
+
+# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
+DEBUG = True
+
+ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
+
+
+# Application definition
+
+INSTALLED_APPS = [
+    "django.contrib.admin",
+    "django.contrib.auth",
+    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
+    "django.contrib.sessions",
+    "django.contrib.messages",
+    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
+    "demonstration",
+]
+
+MIDDLEWARE = [
+    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
+    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
+    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
+]
+
+ROOT_URLCONF = "forms.urls"
+
+TEMPLATES = [
+    {
+        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
+        "DIRS": [],
+        "APP_DIRS": True,
+        "OPTIONS": {
+            "context_processors": [
+                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
+                "django.template.context_processors.request",
+                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
+                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
+            ],
+        },
+    },
+]
+
+WSGI_APPLICATION = "forms.wsgi.application"
+
+
+# Database
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases
+
+DATABASES = {
+    # "default": {
+    #     "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
+    #     "NAME": BASE_DIR / "db.sqlite3",
+    # }
+}
+
+
+# Password validation
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
+
+AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
+    },
+    {
+        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
+    },
+]
+
+
+# Internationalization
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/
+
+LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"
+
+TIME_ZONE = "UTC"
+
+USE_I18N = True
+
+USE_L10N = True
+
+USE_TZ = True
+
+
+# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/static-files/
+
+STATIC_URL = "/static/"
+
+# Default primary key field type
+# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
+
+DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+
+# Media paths
+
+MEDIA_URL = "/media/"
+MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / "media"

source/forms/forms/urls.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""forms URL Configuration
+
+The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
+    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/http/urls/
+Examples:
+Function views
+    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
+Class-based views
+    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
+Including another URLconf
+    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
+    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
+"""
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.conf.urls.static import static
+from django.urls import path, include
+
+from demonstration.views import view_index
+
+urlpatterns = [
+    path("demonstration/", include("demonstration.urls")),
+    path("", view_index, name="index"),
+] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

source/forms/forms/wsgi.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+"""
+WSGI config for forms project.
+
+It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
+
+For more information on this file, see
+https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/wsgi/
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
+
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'forms.settings')
+
+application = get_wsgi_application()

source/forms/manage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+def main():
+    """Run administrative tasks."""
+    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'forms.settings')
+    try:
+        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
+    except ImportError as exc:
+        raise ImportError(
+            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
+            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
+            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
+        ) from exc
+    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

source/orm/.idea/ORM.iml

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<module type="PYTHON_MODULE" version="4">
+  <component name="FacetManager">
+    <facet type="django" name="Django">
+      <configuration>
+        <option name="rootFolder" value="$MODULE_DIR$" />
+        <option name="settingsModule" value="orm/settings.py" />
+        <option name="manageScript" value="manage.py" />
+        <option name="environment" value="&lt;map/&gt;" />
+        <option name="doNotUseTestRunner" value="false" />
+        <option name="trackFilePattern" value="" />
+      </configuration>
+    </facet>
+  </component>
+  <component name="NewModuleRootManager">
+    <content url="file://$MODULE_DIR$">
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$" isTestSource="false" />
+    </content>
+    <orderEntry type="jdk" jdkName="Python 3.13 (beginner)" jdkType="Python SDK" />
+    <orderEntry type="sourceFolder" forTests="false" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PackageRequirementsSettings">
+    <option name="requirementsPath" value="$MODULE_DIR$/../../requirements.pip" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PyDocumentationSettings">
+    <option name="format" value="GOOGLE" />
+    <option name="myDocStringFormat" value="Google" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="TemplatesService">
+    <option name="TEMPLATE_CONFIGURATION" value="Django" />
+  </component>
+</module>

source/orm/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <profile version="1.0">
+    <option name="myName" value="Project Default" />
+    <inspection_tool class="GrazieInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="LanguageDetectionInspection" enabled="false" level="WARNING" enabled_by_default="false" />
+    <inspection_tool class="SpellCheckingInspection" enabled="false" level="TYPO" enabled_by_default="false">
+      <option name="processCode" value="true" />
+      <option name="processLiterals" value="true" />
+      <option name="processComments" value="true" />
+    </inspection_tool>
+  </profile>
+</component>

source/orm/.idea/inspectionProfiles/profiles_settings.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <settings>
+    <option name="USE_PROJECT_PROFILE" value="false" />
+    <version value="1.0" />
+  </settings>
+</component>

source/orm/.idea/modules.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectModuleManager">
+    <modules>
+      <module fileurl="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/orm.iml" filepath="$PROJECT_DIR$/.idea/orm.iml" />
+    </modules>
+  </component>
+</project>

source/orm/.idea/workspace.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project version="4">
+  <component name="ProjectViewState">
+    <option name="hideEmptyMiddlePackages" value="true" />
+    <option name="showExcludedFiles" value="false" />
+    <option name="showLibraryContents" value="true" />
+  </component>
+  <component name="PropertiesComponent">
+    <property name="settings.editor.selected.configurable" value="configurable.group.tools" />
+  </component>
+</project>

source/orm/jupyter/ORM Demonstration.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "c23b09c8",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "Default use of **ORM** to get objects of a model."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "id": "c1729427",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "data": {
+      "text/plain": [
+       "<PersonQuerySet [<Person: Hans Gruber (client)>, <Person: Ben Richards (client)>, <Person: Ellen Ripley (client)>, <Person: Jill Valentine (employee)>, <Person: Spike Spiegel (client)>, <Person: Jet Black (client)>, <Person: Mark Kaminsky (client)>, <Person: Lily Aldrin (employee)>]>"
+      ]
+     },
+     "execution_count": 2,
+     "metadata": {},
+     "output_type": "execute_result"
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "people = Person.objects.all()\n",
+    "people"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "20b337f5",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Django Shell-Plus",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "django_extensions"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.9.2"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}

source/orm/library/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from django.apps import AppConfig
+
+
+class LibraryConfig(AppConfig):
+    default_auto_field = "django.db.models.BigAutoField"
+    name = "library"
+
+
+default_app_config = "library.LibraryConfig"

source/orm/library/admin/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .author import AuthorAdmin
+from .book import BookAdmin
+from .genre import GenreAdmin
+from .person import PersonAdmin

source/orm/library/admin/author.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from django.contrib import admin
+
+from library.models import Author
+
+
+@admin.register(Author)
+class AuthorAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
+    """
+    Admin for book authors.
+
+    """
+
+    list_display = ["id", "uuid", "first_name", "last_name"]
+    list_per_page = 25

source/orm/library/admin/book.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from django.contrib import admin
+
+from library.models import Book
+
+
+@admin.register(Book)
+class BookAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
+    """
+    Admin for books.
+
+    """
+
+    list_display = ["id", "name", "isbn", "genre", "year"]
+    list_editable = ["year", "genre"]
+    list_filter = ["genre"]
+    list_per_page = 25

source/orm/library/admin/genre.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from django.contrib import admin
+
+from library.models import Genre
+
+
+@admin.register(Genre)
+class GenreAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
+    """
+    Admin for book genres.
+
+    """
+
+    list_display = ["id", "uuid", "code_name", "name"]
+    list_per_page = 25

source/orm/library/admin/person.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+from django.contrib import admin
+
+from library.models import Person
+
+
+@admin.register(Person)
+class PersonAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
+    """
+    Admin for people.
+
+    """
+
+    list_display = ["id", "uuid", "user", "role", "first_name", "last_name"]
+    list_per_page = 25

source/orm/library/forms/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .person import PersonForm

source/orm/library/forms/person.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+from django import forms
+
+from library.models import Person
+
+
+class PersonForm(forms.ModelForm):
+    """
+    Django form for the Person model.
+
+    """
+
+    class Meta:
+        model = Person
+        exclude = ("user", "uuid")  # facultatif
+        fields = "__all__"  # soit "__all__" soit une liste de champs qui seront visibles

source/orm/library/migrations/0001_initial.py

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2 on 2021-04-12 14:11
+
+import datetime
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+import uuid
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    initial = True
+
+    dependencies = [
+        migrations.swappable_dependency(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='Author',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('uuid', models.UUIDField(db_index=True, default=uuid.uuid4, verbose_name='UUID')),
+                ('first_name', models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='first name')),
+                ('last_name', models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='last name')),
+                ('description', models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name='description')),
+                ('birth_date', models.DateField(default=datetime.date(2000, 1, 1), verbose_name='birth date')),
+                ('registration_date', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='registration date')),
+            ],
+            options={
+                'verbose_name': 'book author',
+                'verbose_name_plural': 'book authors',
+            },
+        ),
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='Genre',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('uuid', models.UUIDField(db_index=True, default=uuid.uuid4, verbose_name='UUID')),
+                ('code_name', models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True, verbose_name='code name')),
+                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='name')),
+                ('description', models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name='description')),
+                ('creation_date', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='creation date')),
+            ],
+            options={
+                'verbose_name': 'genre',
+                'verbose_name_plural': 'genres',
+            },
+        ),
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='Person',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('role', models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(choices=[(0, 'employee'), (1, 'client')], db_index=True, default=0, verbose_name='role')),
+                ('uuid', models.UUIDField(db_index=True, default=uuid.uuid4, verbose_name='UUID')),
+                ('first_name', models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='first name')),
+                ('last_name', models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='last name')),
+                ('birth_date', models.DateField(default=datetime.date(2000, 1, 1), verbose_name='birth date')),
+                ('creation_date', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='creation date')),
+                ('user', models.OneToOneField(blank=True, null=True, on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.SET_NULL, related_name='person', to=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)),
+            ],
+            options={
+                'verbose_name': 'person',
+                'verbose_name_plural': 'people',
+            },
+        ),
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='Book',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('uuid', models.UUIDField(db_index=True, default=uuid.uuid4, verbose_name='UUID')),
+                ('isbn', models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='ISBN')),
+                ('name', models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name='name')),
+                ('description', models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name='description')),
+                ('registration_date', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='creation date')),
+                ('authors', models.ManyToManyField(related_name='books', to='library.Author', verbose_name='authors')),
+                ('genre', models.ForeignKey(null=True, on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.SET_NULL, related_name='books', to='library.genre', verbose_name='genre')),
+            ],
+            options={
+                'verbose_name': 'book',
+                'verbose_name_plural': 'books',
+            },
+        ),
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='Loan',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('uuid', models.UUIDField(db_index=True, default=uuid.uuid4, verbose_name='UUID')),
+                ('date', models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name='date')),
+                ('expected_return', models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name='expected return date')),
+                ('borrowed', models.NullBooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='borrowed')),
+                ('book', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='loans', to='library.book', verbose_name='book')),
+                ('person', models.ForeignKey(on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='loans', to='library.person', verbose_name='person')),
+            ],
+            options={
+                'verbose_name': 'book loan',
+                'verbose_name_plural': 'book loans',
+                'unique_together': {('book', 'borrowed')},
+            },
+        ),
+    ]

source/orm/library/migrations/0002_add_book_year.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2 on 2021-04-12 14:58
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import library.models.book
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ('library', '0001_initial'),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name='book',
+            name='year',
+            field=models.PositiveIntegerField(db_index=True, default=1950, null=True, verbose_name='published'),
+        ),
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name='book',
+            name='isbn',
+            field=models.CharField(default=library.models.book.generate_isbn, max_length=64, verbose_name='ISBN'),
+        ),
+    ]

source/orm/library/migrations/0003_person_picture.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2 on 2021-04-12 22:03
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ('library', '0002_add_book_year'),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AddField(
+            model_name='person',
+            name='picture',
+            field=models.ImageField(max_length=256, null=True, upload_to='pictures', verbose_name='picture'),
+        ),
+    ]

source/orm/library/migrations/0004_blankable_person_picture.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# Generated by Django 3.2 on 2021-04-13 17:12
+
+from django.db import migrations, models
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+
+    dependencies = [
+        ('library', '0003_person_picture'),
+    ]
+
+    operations = [
+        migrations.AlterField(
+            model_name='person',
+            name='picture',
+            field=models.ImageField(blank=True, max_length=256, null=True, upload_to='pictures', verbose_name='picture'),
+        ),
+    ]

source/orm/library/models/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from .author import Author
+from .book import Book
+from .genre import Genre
+from .loan import Loan
+from .person import Person

source/orm/library/models/author.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from datetime import date
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from django.db import models
+
+
+class Author(models.Model):
+    """
+    Model for book authors.
+
+    """
+
+    uuid = models.UUIDField(default=uuid4, db_index=True, verbose_name="UUID")
+    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=False, verbose_name="first name")
+    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=False, verbose_name="last name")
+    description = models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name="description")
+    birth_date = models.DateField(default=date(2000, 1, 1), verbose_name="birth date")
+    registration_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="registration date")
+
+    class Meta:
+        verbose_name = "book author"
+        verbose_name_plural = "book authors"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.get_full_name()} ({self.uuid})"
+
+    def get_full_name(self):
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"

source/orm/library/models/book.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import random
+import string
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from django.db import models
+from django.utils import timezone
+
+
+def generate_isbn() -> str:
+    """
+    Generate a random ISBN number.
+
+    Returns:
+        A 13-digit string.
+
+    """
+    digits = string.digits
+    return "".join(random.choice(digits) for _ in range(13))
+
+
+class BookQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
+    """
+    QuerySet class for books.
+
+    """
+
+    def available(self) -> models.QuerySet:
+        """
+        Get books available for a loan.
+
+        Excludes books with at least a loan whose `borrowed` field is `True`.
+        Given the constraints, only one loan for a book can have the `borrowed` status
+        to `True`.
+
+        """
+        return self.exclude(loans__borrowed=True)
+
+    def late_returns(self) -> models.QuerySet:
+        """
+        Get books that should have been returned by now.
+
+        """
+        now = timezone.now()
+        return self.filter(loans__expected_return__lt=now, borrowed=True)
+
+
+class Book(models.Model):
+    """
+    Description of a book.
+
+    """
+
+    uuid = models.UUIDField(default=uuid4, db_index=True, verbose_name="UUID")
+    isbn = models.CharField(max_length=64, default=generate_isbn, blank=False, verbose_name="ISBN")
+    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=False, verbose_name="name")
+    description = models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name="description")
+    registration_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="creation date")
+    year = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=1950, null=True, db_index=True, verbose_name="published")
+    authors = models.ManyToManyField("library.Author", related_name="books", verbose_name="authors")
+    genre = models.ForeignKey(
+        "library.Genre", on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, related_name="books", verbose_name="genre"
+    )
+    objects = BookQuerySet.as_manager()
+
+    class Meta:
+        verbose_name = "book"
+        verbose_name_plural = "books"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.name} ({self.isbn})"

source/orm/library/models/genre.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from django.db import models
+
+
+class Genre(models.Model):
+    """
+    Book genre.
+
+    """
+
+    uuid = models.UUIDField(default=uuid4, db_index=True, verbose_name="UUID")
+    code_name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=False, unique=True, verbose_name="code name")
+    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=False, verbose_name="name")
+    description = models.TextField(blank=True, verbose_name="description")
+    creation_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="creation date")
+
+    class Meta:
+        verbose_name = "genre"
+        verbose_name_plural = "genres"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.name}"

source/orm/library/models/loan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from django.db import models
+
+
+class Loan(models.Model):
+    """
+    Model for book loans.
+
+    """
+
+    uuid = models.UUIDField(default=uuid4, db_index=True, verbose_name="UUID")
+    person = models.ForeignKey("library.Person", on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="loans", verbose_name="person")
+    book = models.ForeignKey("library.Book", on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="loans", verbose_name="book")
+    date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="date")
+    expected_return = models.DateTimeField(null=True, verbose_name="expected return date")
+    borrowed = models.BooleanField(null=True, default=True, verbose_name="borrowed")
+
+    class Meta:
+        verbose_name = "book loan"
+        verbose_name_plural = "book loans"
+        unique_together = [("book", "borrowed")]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"Book loan: {self.person} → {self.book}"
+
+    def return_book(self):
+        self.borrowed = None
+        self.save()

source/orm/library/models/person.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+from datetime import date, timedelta
+from typing import Optional
+from uuid import uuid4
+
+from django.db import models, IntegrityError
+from django.utils import timezone
+
+import library
+
+
+class PersonQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
+    """
+    Manager for people.
+
+    """
+
+    def employees(self) -> models.QuerySet:
+        """Get only employees."""
+        return self.filter(role=Person.Role.EMPLOYEE)
+
+    def clients(self) -> models.QuerySet:
+        """Get only clients."""
+        return self.filter(role=Person.Role.CLIENT)
+
+
+class Person(models.Model):
+    """
+    Base class for people, employees and clients.
+
+    """
+
+    class Role(models.IntegerChoices):
+        EMPLOYEE = 0, "employee"
+        CLIENT = 1, "client"
+
+    role = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(default=0, choices=Role.choices, db_index=True, verbose_name="role")
+    user = models.OneToOneField("auth.User", on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=True, related_name="person")
+    uuid = models.UUIDField(default=uuid4, db_index=True, verbose_name="UUID")
+    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=False, verbose_name="first name")
+    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=64, blank=False, verbose_name="last name")
+    birth_date = models.DateField(default=date(2000, 1, 1), verbose_name="birth date")
+    creation_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="creation date")
+    picture = models.ImageField(max_length=256, null=True, blank=True, upload_to="pictures", verbose_name="picture")
+    objects = PersonQuerySet.as_manager()
+
+    class Meta:
+        verbose_name = "person"
+        verbose_name_plural = "people"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.get_full_name()} ({self.get_role_display()})"
+
+    def get_full_name(self):
+        return f"{self.first_name} {self.last_name}"
+
+    def borrow(self, book: "library.models.Book", duration: int = 7) -> Optional["library.models.Loan"]:
+        """
+        Borrow a book.
+
+        Args:
+            book: book instance to borrow
+            duration: expected duration of loan in days
+
+        Returns:
+            If the book can be borrowed, return the new `Loan` object.
+            If not, return `None`.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            deadline = timezone.now() + timedelta(days=duration)
+            loan = self.loans.create(person=self, book=book, expected_return=deadline)
+            return loan
+        except IntegrityError:
+            return None